English Views: 87795 Author: Phoenix Publish Time: 2023-08-28 Origin: Phoenix Breeding Equipment
With the large-scale development of the chicken industry, some new diseases continue to appear, and the pressure of disease prevention and control is increasing, which poses a great threat to the chicken industry. In order to control the spread and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms in the feeding environment and cut off the disease transmission route, the farm must implement a scientific disinfection program to provide a safe living environment for the healthy growth of chickens.
1. The role of disinfection
1）. Control the spread of disease
In terms of chicken hygiene and epidemic prevention, effective disinfection management can kill or eliminate harmful microorganisms in the feeding environment or on the surface of utensils and equipment, reduce the number of microorganisms, and prevent the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases.
Before entering the chicks, thoroughly clean and fumigate the chicken coop to prevent the pathogenic microorganisms from the previous batch from infecting the next batch.
During the feeding and management process, the chickens should be sterilized twice a week, and the field environment should be disinfected once a week to prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms between buildings.
The horizontal isolation and epidemic prevention method of all in and all out is advocated, and the method of disinfection can also play a positive role in horizontal and vertical transmission. Especially the disinfection and isolation between buildings of different ages is particularly obvious.
2）. Prevent respiratory diseases
The main transmission route of chickens infected with respiratory diseases is dust and droplets, and the external environment of chicken houses is also one of the important factors causing poultry diseases. Through disinfection with chickens, the small droplets of disinfection liquid can adhere to the dust and virus and bacteria particles in the air, playing the role of dust reduction and antivirus. By insisting on chicken disinfection, under normal circumstances, the probability of respiratory diseases and the cost of dosing of chickens in the chicken house will be significantly reduced; the physical health of the chickens is also guaranteed so that they can better perform the production performance. At the same time, it is necessary to do a good job in stocking density management and strengthen the management of the feeding environment, so as to effectively prevent poultry respiratory diseases.
3）. Appropriately increase humidity and reduce temperature
When disinfecting chicken houses, the moisture in the disinfectant can not only settle dust and droplets, but also increase the humidity of the air, which is conducive to the healthy development of the respiratory mucosa.
The water vapor in the house can reduce the temperature in the house through evaporation and heat dissipation. When the temperature in the house is high in summer, the house temperature can be reduced by 2-3°c by spraying, which can effectively prevent heatstroke and reduce the temperature, and slow down the impact of heat stress on chickens.
Before spray disinfection in cold winter, in order to avoid cold stress to the chickens caused by a large drop in the temperature in the house, it is recommended increasing the temperature of the chicken house by about 2°c, which will help reduce the impact of disinfection and cooling.
2. Scientific disinfection program
1）. Clean carefully and thoroughly
The prerequisite for ensuring the disinfection effect is careful cleaning. Some farmers ignore the importance of cleaning, and often carry out disinfection without cleaning, and the disinfection effect cannot be guaranteed.
The recommended disinfection procedures during the empty period are: cleaning, flushing, spraying and fumigation.
Before disinfection with chickens, the sanitation in the house should be cleaned, and the environment of the field should also be cleaned carefully before disinfection. If possible, it can be rinsed with clean water, and then sprayed for disinfection, so as to completely kill the pathogenic microorganisms surviving in the environment. Obtain effective disinfection effect.
2）. Develop scientific disinfection procedures
Some chicken farms have not formulated scientific disinfection procedures, but only adopt random disinfection. When spraying and disinfecting the chicken coop, it is messy and cannot follow the order from inside to outside and from top to bottom. Don't pay attention to the disinfection of chickens, only disinfect the field and the door, and only spray once when disinfecting the chicken house, but do not thoroughly disinfect the roof, the defecation ditch, equipment and utensils, so that pathogenic microorganisms can reproduce well the place laid the foundation for the chicken to be infected with the disease.
Farms must formulate scientific disinfection procedures. According to the differences in empty house disinfection, chicken disinfection, environmental disinfection, utensils and equipment disinfection, etc., Formulate corresponding disinfection procedures, regularly, quantitatively, and assign people to do the disinfection work. Afterwards, veterinary personnel are arranged to carry out testing. Only after the bacteria content is qualified can the disinfection work be proved to be effective.
3）. Choice of disinfectant
The choice of disinfectant should not be too single: using only one disinfectant can easily cause pathogenic bacteria to develop drug resistance, and the same batch of chickens should alternately use disinfectants.
It should be noted that it is necessary to choose disinfectants with different ingredients, not disinfectants with different trade names. Most of the disinfectants sold in the market are the same drug with different names. It is necessary to check the main components of the disinfectant in detail to distinguish them and use them alternately.
For example, it is generally recommended using non-corrosive and non-irritating disinfectants such as quaternary ammonium salts and iodine preparations for disinfection of chickens, while sodium hypochlorite, formaldehyde, peracetic acid, and so on others are generally not recommended for disinfection of chickens.
4）. The selection of disinfectants should be targeted
Different disinfectants have different sensitivities and effects on different pathogenic microorganisms. General virion is more sensitive to disinfectants containing iodine, bromine, peracetic acid, etc., While bacteria are more sensitive to disinfectants containing double-chain quaternary ammonium salts.
Therefore, disinfectants containing iodine and bromine should be used during the period when viral diseases are prevalent, and disinfectants containing double-chain quaternary ammonium salts should be used during the period when bacterial diseases are common.
5）. Ensure that the dosage of disinfectant is reasonable
If it is unreasonable to prepare disinfectant solution before disinfection, it is only based on artificial estimation to add some disinfectant solution, which cannot guarantee a reasonable concentration of disinfectant solution. If the dose of disinfectant is small, it cannot effectively kill the pathogenic microorganisms in the environment. Conversely, when the dose of disinfectant is too large, some may not be able to achieve a good bactericidal effect.
For example, the effective disinfection concentration of fire-alkali disinfectant is 2~3%. If this concentration is exceeded, the surface of the germs will be scorched, but the germs cannot be really killed. According to the instructions of the selected disinfectant drugs, special personnel should be arranged to scientifically configure the disinfectant solution to ensure the effectiveness of the disinfectant solution, so as to achieve a good disinfection effect.
3. Disinfection is only a part of comprehensive epidemic prevention
Some farms think that disinfection is omnipotent and can completely kill germs in the environment, while ignoring the importance of environmental control, breeding management and other aspects of epidemic prevention. As everyone knows, if the ambient humidity is high and the temperature is suitable, even disinfection cannot stop the reproduction and transmission speed of pathogenic microorganisms.
At the same time, if the immunization is not in place, the body's disease resistance will decline, and it will also create opportunities for germs to invade.
Therefore, the management level should be improved to provide chickens with comfortable environmental humidity and temperature, reduce the stocking density, and enhance the body's physical fitness and disease resistance. Only by formulating a scientific immunization program and ensuring the immunization effect, so that the chickens have uniform and effective antibodies, can the purpose of resisting external wild virus infection is achieved.
Disinfection is an important part of comprehensive epidemic prevention, but it can never replace the combination of immunization and breeding. It is very important to realize this. There are many links involved in laying hen breeding, and if every link is "perfect", the result is likely to be very good.
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